Panama has deported 29 Colombians with alleged criminal records who had entered the country through the inhospitable Darien Gap, applying for the first time a deal on migrant repatriations signed with the United States in July.

“We have the first flight of the agreement financed by the United States,” Panamanian Vice Minister of Security Luis Felipe Icaza, accompanied by US officials, told reporters on Tuesday after the charter flight took off at dawn en route to Bogota.

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Before boarding the Fokker 50 aircraft, the group was lined up on the side of the runway and each was screened with metal detectors.

The 29 deportees, who had no luggage, were handcuffed and climbed the plane’s stairs slowly.

Panama President Jose Raul Mulino, who took office on July 1, had originally said the flights would be “voluntary” repatriations, but those deported on Tuesday had criminal records, officials said.

Panama officers check Colombian migrants before boarding the flight [Aris Martinez/Reuters]

Icaza said the next flight could depart on Friday or Saturday under the deal.

Transit countries such as Panama and Mexico have come under increased pressure from Washington to tackle the highly contentious migration issue in a US election year.

Washington pledged $6m in funding for migrant repatriations from the Central American nation in the hope of reducing irregular crossings at its own southern border.

In a first phase, migrants with a criminal record will be deported, but the agreement could see the deportation of any person entering Panama through the notoriously dangerous and rugged Darien Gap region on their way to the US.

This was the first group deported under the agreement, although Panama sent several charter flights earlier this year to Colombia with Colombian nationals with criminal records.

The Darien Gap between Colombia and Panama has become a key corridor for migrants travelling overland from South America through Central America and Mexico to the US.

Despite the dangers, including attacks by criminal gangs, more than half a million undocumented migrants – mostly Venezuelans – crossed the Darien last year.

But at least for now, Panama is not able to deport Venezuelans because the relationship between the two countries has turned tense since Panama refused to recognise the results of Venezuela’s election giving President Nicolas Maduro another term.

The two countries have suspended their diplomatic relations.

Roger Mojico, director of Panama’s National Immigration Service, told reporters on Tuesday that Panama is speaking with other countries, such as Ecuador and India, about coordinating repatriation flights.